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Welcome to eGyanKosh’s Unit-2, where we delve into foundational concepts that have shaped modern political discourse: साम्राज्यवाद (Imperialism), राष्ट्रवाद (Nationalism), फासीवाद (Fascism), and क्रांति (Revolution). This comprehensive study material, designed for students of IGNOU, provides an in-depth exploration of these pivotal ideologies, their historical contexts, and their profound impact on global affairs. Whether you’re preparing for examinations or seeking to enhance your understanding of these critical topics, our free downloadable resources are here to support your academic journey in 2025 and beyond. Join us as we unpack these complex ideas and their relevance in today’s world.