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Welcome to eGyanKosh’s comprehensive resource on Unit-2: Ecosystems for IGNOU’s 2025 curriculum. This invaluable study material is designed to facilitate deep understanding and mastery of ecosystem concepts, crucial for students pursuing environmental studies. With a focus on accessibility, we offer this content as a free download, empowering learners to engage with the material at their own pace. Whether you’re preparing for exams, conducting research, or simply seeking to expand your knowledge, our thoughtfully curated resources will guide you through the intricate relationships within ecosystems, equipping you with the information needed to excel in your studies. Dive in and explore the richness of ecosystems today!